• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:SE1050205A1
    申请号:SE1050205
    申请日:2010-03-03
    公开日:2011-09-04
    发明作者:Per-Olov Strand；Anders Soederman
    申请人:Sandvik Intellectual Property；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    1015202530with better surface quality and therefore fewer instructions for cracks andconsequently improved fatigue strength. The production method forwire products of peeled austenitic stainless steel include, other than those abovesaid steps used to produce duplex wire productsstainless steel, a scaling step that uses a scraper tool before drawingto final dimension, and an additional pickling step after scaling, includingsalt bath oven, white pickling, hydrochloric acid and application of carrier coating.
    Depending on the special properties of duplex stainless steel wire, soas its high mechanical strength and its combination of austenite andferrite, however, it has proved difficult to adapt the scaling process so thatit is possible to include in the production method for duplex stainless steel wiresteel. The ferrite phase tends to stick to the scraper tool while the austenite phase istough and hard, resulting in heavy tool wear and substandardchip breaking. Even when annealed, when the grain size of stainless steelsteel alloys are usually larger, the grain size of duplexes is stainlesssteel alloys small, which in combination with the chemical compositioncreates a very hard material. Thus do the properties of duplexStainless steel alloys make it difficult to scale duplex stainless steel wire.
    Summary of the inventionThe goal problem is therefore to prescribe a method for manufacturing a wire product fromduplex stainless steel that exhibits improved fatigue strength incomparison with conventionally manufactured duplex stainless steel wire productssteel. The target problem is solved by a method of making a wire product fromduplex stainless steel based on wire rod, the methodcomprises the following steps: roughening the surface of the wire rod; application of acarrier coating on the surface of the wire rod; peeling of the wire rod usingof a scraper tool comprising cemented carbide; roughening of the surface of the wire rod;applying a carrier coating to the surface of the wire rod; and attraction to finalwire dimension. In the scaling step, the scraper tool used has oneedge reinforcement phase angle r; which is 10-30 °, a rake angle y which is 10-25 °,a clearance angle α which is 3-10 °, an edge reinforcement phase width w which is210152025300.1-0.5 mm, and an edge radius of 0.02-0.08 mm. The manufacturing methodaccording to the invention results in a peeled wire product of duplex stainless steel.
    By using the method according to the invention, the amount of surface defects inthe finished wire product of duplex stainless steel is noticeably reduced incomparison with conventionally manufactured wire products made of duplex stainless steelsteel, resulting in improved fatigue strength.
    Brief description of the drawingsFigure 1 is a schematic drawing of the scaling process.
    Figures 2a-2b are schematic drawings of a scraper tool.
    Figures 3a-3c show eddy current test results.
    Detailed descriptionThe starting material for the method of making a peeled wire product fromduplex stainless steel according to the present invention, referred to belowas a peeled duplex wire product, duplex stainless steel wire is includeda diameter of 5.5-12 mm, which may be annealed or non-annealed.
    Annealing normally gives a larger grain size and a softer material. Thoughthe effect is negligible for duplex stainless steel wire rod and both typescan therefore be used.
    The manufacturing method according to the invention comprises the following steps:* Roughening of the surface of the wire rod, preferably by pickling in hydrochloric acid,especially if there are scales as a result of annealing on the wire rodsurface. This can be combined with a more powerful pickling usingsalt bath oven and white pickling. However, mechanical roughening is also possibleas an alternative to pickling.
    Application of a carrier coating, preferably hydrated sodium borate,pà valstrádens yta.
    * Peel off the surface layer using a scraper tool.
    The scaling process is shown schematically in Figure 1 (not to scale). Beforethe scraper tool is preferably a pull plate placed to straighten and guideinsert the selection wire (1) into the scraper tool (2). The wire rod diameter is slightly reduced31015202530during the drawing process. Approximately 0.2 to 0.5 mm of the wire rod diameterpeeled off during the peeling process. A Lubricant, preferablycalcium stearate lubricant, is used to reduce the friction belowdrawing and emulsion are sprayed on the drawn trees and on the scraper toolto reduce friction and cool the tool during scaling. A hardcemented carbide composition must be used in the scraper tool, preferablya material belonging to ISO class P10. The scraper tool has oneedge reinforcement phase angle n, a clearance angle a, a rake angle y, aedge reinforcement phase width woch an edge radius. Figure 2a is a schematiccross-sectional view of the scraper tool. Figure 2b shows an enlargement of the circledthe area in Figure 2a, showing the different tool angles andedge reinforcement phase width. The gaps are not scalable.
    The edge reinforcement phase angle n affects the cutting forces on the buckle (3).
    A larger angle makes the tool more stable and less sensitive to wear,but at the same time makes the Spanish cutting process heavier, which gives rise to highershear stresses and shear forces and thus elevated temperatures.
    High temperatures at the clamping surface shorten the tool's service life.
    The edge reinforcement phase angle mainly affects that part ofthe tool that is close to the edge. To make the cutting edge as strong aspossible while minimizing the heat generated duringthe peeling process, the edge reinforcement phase angle should be at least10 ° and a maximum of 30 °. According to the present invention,edge reinforcement phase angle n 10-30 °, preferably 15-20 °.
    The clearance angle α affects the surface of the peeled trees. The largerthis angle is, the less the surface is affected by the pressure fromthe cutting forces. To minimize the contact pressure and thus the heatgenerated, the clearance angle should be at least 3 ° or greater. Ifif you make this angle larger, however, the edge wear will also be fasterand thus the peeled surface is more affected by the cutting forces. A bigclearance angle also gives an edge that is more sensitive to edge breakage andtool breakage. To make the cutting edge as strong as possible should41015202530the clearance angle does not exceed 10 °. According to the present invention,the clearance angle of 3-10 °, preferably 5-7 °, or even betterabout 6 °.
    The edge reinforcement phase width w affects in a similar way asedge reinforcement phase angle the cutting forces on the chip. To makethe cutting edge as strong as possible while minimizing the heat thatgenerated during the peeling process should be the edge reinforcement phase widthbe at least 0.1 mm to increase the strength of the cutting edge, anda maximum of 0.5 mm so that the chip surface temperature is kept at an acceptable levellevel. According to the present invention, the edge reinforcement phase width is w0.1-0.5 mm, preferably about 0.3 mm.The chip angle y also affects the cutting forces on the chip. A larger onerake angle makes the tool less stable and more sensitive to wear butat the same time makes the chip cutting process softer, which gives rise to lowershear stresses and shear forces. The chip flow and curling of the chipscontrolled by the rake angle. A larger positive rake angle gives a more curled onechip. To optimize the chip flow while the heat is generatedminimized during cutting, the rake angle should be at least 10 °. Thoughthe rake angle should not exceed 25 ° for the scraper tool to bestable and not too sensitive to wear. According to the present inventionthe rake angle is y10-25 °, preferably 10-20 °, or even betterabout 15 °.
    The combination of the edge reinforcement phase angle n,edge reinforcement phase width woch the rake angle y gives the totalthe energy consumption for the chip formation process, and thus controlledthe total energy for the chip formation process.
    The scraper tool also has an edge radius that determines the sharpness ofthe cutting edge (2a). The edge radius should be at least 0.02 mm to makethe cutting edge as strong as possible and a maximum of 0.08 mm to510152025minimize the heat generated during the cutting process. According toIn the present invention, the edge radius is 0.02-0.08 mm, preferably0.03-0.06 mm, or even better 0.03-0.05 mm.
    The combined set of scraper tool parameters doesthe scraper tool according to the invention suitable for peeling wire rod ofduplex stainless steel, with its combination of sticky ferrite phase and toughnessand hard austenite phase.
    Table 1 shows a summary of the angles used in astandard type scraping tool for austenitic wire rod peelingstainless steel together with the angular ranges used inthe manufacturing method according to the invention.
    Scraping tool by Duplextstandard type of scraping toolEdge reinforcement phase angle r; 10 ° 1 0-30 °Chip angle y 0 ° 10-25 °Release angle of 6 ° 3-1 0 °Table 1: Typical values of intervals for standard type scraping toolsand duplex scraping tools.
    Roughening of the surface of the wire rod, preferably by pickling insalt bath oven, followed by white pickling and pickling in hydrochloric acid to roughenthe surface and etch the grain interfaces. Alternatively, the surface can be roughenedmechanically. The roughening step is needed because the surface after peelingis very smooth and impossible to dry. It is also impossible to get a good onecarrier and traction lubricant uptake on the smooth surface.
    Application of a carrier coating on the wire surface. Preferably consiststhe carrier coating of hydrated sodium borate.
    Continuous drawing from roll to roll to final dimension,preferably in several steps using a number on top of each other1015202530the following narrower traction sheaves. Typically, 4-10 traction sheaves are required. Forfor example, reducing the wire diameter from 8.2 mm to 3.6 mm is requiredseven traction sheaves.
    The resulting peeled duplex wire product manufactured according to itthe inventive method should preferably be free from surface defects deeperthan 6% of the final wire diameter or protrude more than 6% of itfinal wire diameter.
    The peeled duplex wire product of the invention comprisespreferably, weight percent,0 s C s 0.50.1 s Si <2.00.1 s Mn s 7.00.1 s Ni s 8.018 s Cr s 350 s Cu s 3.00.10 s N s 0.60 s Mo s 6.0O s W s 1.00 s V s 1.0O s Ti s 1.00 s Al s 1.00 s Nb s 1.00 s Co s 1.5the residue Fe and normally occurring contaminants. The austenite content ispreferably 45-65% and the ferrite content is preferably 35-55%.
    More preferably, the peeled duplex wire product comprises an alloy according tothe standard UNS 831803, or even better includes the scaled onethe duplex wire product an alloy according to the standard UNS S32205.10152025In a preferred embodiment of the invention, wire rod was pickled and coatedof duplex stainless steel according to the standard UNS S32205, delivered in nonannealed state, before peeling. Several different types of scraper tools were testedand tool angles were evaluated. Results of the test are shown in Table 2.
    Samples 1 and 2 were scraper tools of the present invention andSamples 3-5 were reference samples. Sample 5 was onestandard type scraping tool used for peeling wire rodaustenitic stainless steel. The cemented carbide grade used inthe scraper tools were the commercially available quality MP10 (Sandvik).
    The clearance angle α was 6 °, the edge reinforcement phase width wvar 0.3 mm, andthe edge radius was 0.05 mm for all tested tools.
    Provex. n y Result trädyta Result scraper tool1 15 ° 15 ° Approved The tool is in good condition2 20 ° 15 ° Approved The tool is in good condition3 15 ° 0 ° Failed Cracked tool4 20 ° 0 ° Failed Crack in the scraper toolentrance5 10 ° 0 ° Failed Cracked toolTable 2: Results of peeling of duplex stainless steel wire rod.
    Samples 1 and 2, which showed good results after scaling, were pickled andwas then coated with carrier coating and drawn to final dimension withuse of seven traction sheaves. The threads were pulled in a multi-block machine, directlyfrom peeled wire rod of 8.2 mm to final dimension of 3.6 mm.
    Calcium stearate was used as a lubricant in the first threethe toolboxes and sodium stearate in the rest. The material temperature does not increasemuch during the first pulling steps due to low speed andrelatively soft material. Calcium that has a low melting temperature is thereforebest choice. When the material deformation becomes harder andAs the drawing speed increases, a lubricant with a higher melting point is requiredbe used. Sodium soap is therefore always used in the final reduction step.1015202530The temperature of the cooling water on the discs and drawing blocks was maintained at 30 at 5 ° Cto obtain a good lubricating film on the trees. Pulling speed at finaldimension did not exceed 5 m / s.
    Surface quality measurements on the finished wire of peeled duplex stainless steelwas made continuously after the last reduction step usingeddy current (EC) test. EC testing is a non-thirstytest method to detect surface deviations and cracks. Onereference standard was used to calibrate the instrument; of longitudinalthe grooves of the reference standard had a U-shaped profile with a depth of 6%of the wire diameter (0.2 mm), a length of 10 mm and a width of 0.10 mm. INFigure 3 shows the EC test results for 3.6 mm peeled duplex stainless steel wiresteel (figure 3a) together with 3.6 mm duplex stainless steel wood ofstandard type drawn from non-annealed (Figure 3b) walnut. The horizontalthe scale represents time and the vertical scale represents detectedsignal amplitude A. Each test was run for about 8 minutes, whichcorresponds to about 1000 m of finished tree at a tree speed of 2 m / s. Figure 3cshows the EC test of the reference standard manually drawn at a lotlower speed. As can be seen from the test results, the trees have peeled offduplex stainless steel set much less instruction, or minor surface defects, incomparison with 3.6 mm duplex stainless steel wire of standard type drawnfrom non-annealed whale tree.
    It can therefore be concluded that the manufacturing method according to the inventionresults in markedly improved fatigue strength, as cracks withstarting point from surface defects is the most common cause of fatigue failure,especially in the cycling area up to 100,000,000 cycles which is the main onethe focus for peeled duplex wire products according to the invention.
    The corrosion resistance can be determined theoretically by calculating the PF1Evalue or experimentally by corrosion testing. CriticalPit corrosion temperature (CPT) is a common and well known910152025corrosion test method. CPT is determined electrochemically by applyinga constant potential (potentiostatic method) and measure the temperature atwhich the current increases drastically.
    CPT values for a duplex stainless steel wire sample according to the invention anda comparative sample of the 17-7 PH stainless steel alloy was determined.
    The specimens were immersed in a 0.1% NaCl solution at a constant potential of300 mV. The temperature of the solution was increased by 5 ° C every five minutes untilcorrosion on the specimens could be detected.
    The PRE value is defined as:PRE, pitting corrosion resistance equivalent =% Cr + 3.3 x% Mo + 16 x% N.
    A higher PRE value corresponds to a better corrosion resistance.
    Table 3 compares the PRE and CPT values for the duplex stainless steelthe local alloy according to the standard UNS S32205 with the corresponding valuesfor the precipitation curable stainless steel alloy 17-7 PH, often used inhigh-fatigue spring applications.
    PRE CPT (+ 300 mV, 1% Cl ')UNS S32205 35 78 ° C17-7 PH 18 25 ° CTable 3: Corrosion properties of steel alloys.
    Too many high-fatigue spring applications, such as pump springs incorrosive media and springs for space applications, 17-7 PH is insufficientdue to substandard corrosion properties. In many applicationsa passivation of 17-7 PH is required to obtain sufficient corrosion resistance.
    With the manufacturing method according to the invention, this is an extra production stepnot necessary, thus resulting in a more cost effective product.Even when compared to wire products of unshelled duplex stainless steel1010peeled duplex wire products exhibit better corrosion properties thanks toits smooth surfaces with fewer initiation points for corrosion. They peeledthe duplex wire products thus have superior corrosion properties incomparison with both wire products of peeled precipitation hardenable stainless steelsuch as 17-7 PH and wire products of unshelled duplex stainless steel, whilethey at the same time exhibit excellent fatigue properties. You can drawthe conclusion that peeled duplex wire products of the present invention arevery suitable for use in high fat spring applications incorrosive media.11
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    A method of manufacturing a duplex stainless steel wire product based on wire rod, the method comprising the steps of: roughening the surface of the wire rod; applying a carrier coating to the surface of the wire rod; peeling the wire rod using a carbide scraping tool; roughening of the surface of the wire rod; applying a carrier coating to the surface of the wire rod; and drawing to final wire dimension, the method characterized in that in the scaling step the scraping tool used has an edge reinforcement phase angle r7 which is 10-30 °, a rake angle y which is 10-25 °, a clearance angle α which is 3-10 °, an edge reinforcement phase width w which is 0.1-0.5 mm, and an edge radius of 0.02-0.08 mm.
    [2]
    A method of manufacturing a duplex stainless steel wire product according to claim 1, in which the edge reinforcement phase angle n is 15-20 °.
    [3]
    Method for manufacturing a duplex stainless steel wire product according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the rake angle γ is 10-20 °.
    [4]
    A method for manufacturing a duplex stainless steel wire product according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the clearance angle α is 5-7 °.
    [5]
    Wire product of duplex stainless steel, characterized in that it is manufactured according to one of claims 1-4.
    [6]
    A duplex stainless steel wire product according to claim 5 comprising, in weight percent, 0 s C s 0.5 0.1 s Si <2.0 0.1 s Mn s 7.0 0.1 s Ni s 8.0 18 s Cr s 35 0 s Cu s 3.0 0.10 s N s 0.6 0 s Mo s 6.0 0 s W s 1.0 O s V s 1.0 0 s Ti s 1.0 O s Al s 1.0 12 0 s Nb s 1.0 0 s Co s 1.5 The residue Fe and normally occurring impurities, in which the ferrite content is 35-55% and the austenite content is 45-65%. 5
    [7]
    A duplex stainless steel wire product according to claim 5, comprising an alloy according to the standard UNS S31803.
    [8]
    A duplex stainless steel wire product according to claim 5, comprising an alloy according to the standard UNS 832205. 13
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1050205A|SE534779C2|2010-03-03|2010-03-03|Method of manufacturing a stainless steel wire product|SE1050205A| SE534779C2|2010-03-03|2010-03-03|Method of manufacturing a stainless steel wire product|
    CN201180011531.5A| CN102781614B|2010-03-03|2011-02-25|A method of manufacturing a stainless steel product|
    PCT/SE2011/050220| WO2011108977A1|2010-03-03|2011-02-25|A method of manufacturing a stainless steel product|
    CA2786930A| CA2786930C|2010-03-03|2011-02-25|A method of manufacturing a stainless steel product|
    MYPI2012003176A| MY169969A|2010-03-03|2011-02-25|A method of manufacturing a stainless steel product|
    EP11715293.4A| EP2542372B1|2010-03-03|2011-02-25|A method of manufacturing a stainless steel product|
    KR1020127023069A| KR101848100B1|2010-03-03|2011-02-25|A method of manufacturing a stainless steel product|
    RU2012141992/02A| RU2563611C2|2010-03-03|2011-02-25|Method of making article of stainless steel|
    JP2012556040A| JP2013521132A|2010-03-03|2011-02-25|How to make stainless steel products|
    MX2012009365A| MX341461B|2010-03-03|2011-02-25|A method of manufacturing a stainless steel product.|
    US13/581,513| US9381585B2|2010-03-03|2011-02-25|Method of manufacturing a stainless steel product|
    BR112012022012A| BR112012022012A2|2010-03-03|2011-02-25|method of manufacturing a stainless steel product|
    JP2016005891A| JP6193414B2|2010-03-03|2016-01-15|How to make stainless steel products|
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